Mount Rinjani

Mount Rinjani is a mountain located on the island of Lombok, West Nusa Tenggara. Mountain which is the second highest volcano in Indonesia with an altitude of 3,726 m above sea level and is located at latitude 8 º 25 'latitude and 116 º 28' BT is a favorite for mountain climbers Indonesia for its beautiful scenery. This mountain is part of the Mount Rinjani National Park which has an area of approximately 41,330 hectares and will be proposed the addition to be 76,000 ha to the west and east.


Administratively the mountain is located in the territory of three districts: East Lombok, Central Lombok and West Lombok.



Segara Anak crater lake with Mount Barujari lakeside views from the summit of Mount Rinjani on the east side.
Mount Rinjani is the highest point of 3,726 m above sea level, dominating most of the views of the northern part of the island of Lombok.

In the west there is a caldera cone Rinjani area of about 3,500 m × 4,800 m, extending to the east and west. In this there is Segara Anak caldera (ocean = sea, lake) area of 11,000,000 sq. m with a depth of 230 m. The water that flows from the lake to form a very beautiful waterfall, flowing through a steep ravine. Segara Anak In many carp and tilapia are so often used for fishing. The southern part of this lake called Segara Endut.

On the east side of the caldera are New Mount (or Mount Barujari) which has a crater measuring 170m × 200 m with a height of 2296-2376 m above sea level. This small mountain last active / erupted from the date of May 2, 2009 and during May, having previously also erupted in 2004. [2] [3] If the 2004 eruption no casualties, the eruption of 2009 has claimed the lives of 31 people indirectly , a flash flood in the crow (River) by the pressure of lava Tanggek to Segara Anak. [4] Previously, Mount Barujari ever recorded erupted in 1944 (at the same establishment), 1966, and 1994.

In addition to the crater of Mount Barujari there are also others that had erupted, called Mount entourage.


 Stratigraphy
In stratigraphy, Mount Rinjani covered by Neogene clastic sedimentary rocks (including limestone), and locally by the Oligo-Miocene volcanic rocks. Quaternary volcanic itself mostly produce pyroclastic, which in some places interspersed with lava. The most lithological record explosion is known in history. Since the 1847 eruption has occurred 7 times, with the shortest rest period of 1 year and the longest 37 years.

As in other volcanoes, Koesoemadinata (1979) mentions that the post-formation activity Rinjani volcano caldera is rebuilding. Activities included efusiva that produces lava and form deposits eksplosiva-off material (pyroclastic). Lava usually black, and when the drip looks like foamy. Post-caldera forming eruption is relatively weak, and lava cone issued by Barujari G. and G. The group is relatively more alkaline than lava volcanoes in Indonesia. The possibility of heat when the eruption cloud peaked very small. Materials eruptions generally deposited on the inside of the caldera alone.

Lava flows, lava eruption, lava rain, and pyroclastic avalanches likely to lead to White crowing Batusantek. Hot clouds avalanches can occur along leleran new lava is still moving, although unlikely.

Structure and Tectonics
Segara Anak caldera shape that melonjong to the east-west direction is thought to relate to the structure of the cracks in the rock-base. Rinjani Volcano is located in the path of the Quaternary volcanic arc systems in the western Banda formed by basic tunjaman activity below the rim of the Indian Ocean Plate South-East Asia. Tunjaman pathway located in the south showed a mampatan style trending north-south. Rock-foundation cracks trending east-west, which affect the wake of the caldera, thus interpreted as cracks caused by the release of pull force. The structure is formed from at least the beginning of the Quaternary Period.

The peak of Mount Rinjani
Climbing Mount Rinjani (peak) is one of the attractions is a mainstay in the area of Mount Rinjani National Park. Mount Rinjani as the volcano is still active number 2 highest in Indonesia. The peak of Mount Rinjani is a goal most of the adventurers and nature lovers who visit this area as if it has reached the top it was a matter of pride. Animo community of nature lovers across the country and even from abroad in large enough climbing activities, is proven by the number of visitors who climb each year has increased. Climbing activities on a large scale was conducted in July s / d in August, the month of August (mid) participants generally dominated by the ascent of the students / college students from all over Indonesia who want to celebrate the Independence Day of the Republic of Indonesia at the summit of Mount Rinjani and Segara Anak Lake through "Tread Rinjani" are held regularly every year by one of a group of nature lovers on the island of Lombok in cooperation with the National Park of Mount Rinjani.

Lake Segara Anak
Enchantment seed Mount Rinjani National Park is a highly prospective Lake Segara Anak, this location can be reached from two official channel of Senaru ascent is climbing lanes and climbing lanes Sembalun.

To visit Lake Segara Anak of lane takes Senaru takes about 7-10 hours on foot (± 8 km) from the gate Senaru ascent path. While climbing lane Sembalun reached within 8-10 hours. Lake Segara children with a height of ± 2,010 m above sea level and a depth of approximately ± 230 meters of the lake has the shape like a crescent moon with an area of approximately 1,100 hectares.

Around Lake Segara Anak there is enough land and flat, can be used to place berkemping / camping, visitors can also fish in the lake or soak in hot water containing sulfur.

Other objects around Lake Segara Anak is Koko Upstream Puteq ± 150 meters from Lake Segara Anak. In addition there is also Goa Dairy, Goa Manik, Umbrella Goa, Goa Dairy is believed to be a medium to reflect themselves and are often used as a place to meditate. Meanwhile, at the bottom of Lake Segara Anak there are hot springs (Aik Kalak Pengkereman Jembangan) which is used to test and bathe auspicious objects (Sword, Kris, Badik, Spear, Dagger, etc.) which, if these objects become sticky when soaked it indicates these objects ugly / does not have supernatural powers, otherwise if these objects remain intact means they will have supernatural powers / believed to have efficacy.


Rinjani erupted in 1994 when the
Rinjani has panaroma best among the mountains in Indonesia. Each year (June-August) visited by many nature lovers from local residents, students, nature lovers.

Temperatures average about 20 ° C; Lowest 12 ° C. Strong winds are common at peak in August.

In addition to the summit, a place that is frequented Segara Chicks, a lake located at an altitude of 2,000 m above sea level. To reach this location we can climb from Senaru village or villages Sembalun Lawang (two nearest entry point at an altitude of 600m asl and 1.150m asl).

Most climbers begin ascent of climbing routes Sembalun and ending in Senaru, it can save 700 m altitude. Sembalun the rather long but flat, and the weather is hotter because through the scorching savanna (cold temperatures but direct solar radiation burning the skin). shading creams is highly recommended.

From Route Senaru climb without pause, but soft because of the weather through the woods. From these two locations on foot takes about 7 hours to the lip of the ridge at an altitude of 2.641m asl (arrive at Senaru or Plawangan Plawangan Sembalun). In place of this view toward the lake, as well as outwards very good. From Plawangan Senaru (if rising from the direction of Senaru) down to the lake through the steep wall to a height of 2,000 meters above sea level) that can be reached within 2 hours. We could camp on the lake, fishing (Carper, Mujair) are aplenty. Lombok residents have a tradition of visiting puppies soon to soak in hot tubs and fishing.

To reach the top (of the lake) had to climb the wall walk west up the ridge as high as 700m and as high as 1,000 m were taken within 2 hours of stage 3 and 4 hours. The first stage towards Plawangan Sembalun, the last camp to wait for the morning. Summit attack is usually done at 3 pm to find beautiful moments - the sunrise at the summit of Rinjani. The trip to the summit is considered good; because climbing on the crater rim with a safety margin mediocre. Terrain of sand, stone, soil. Final height of 200 meters should be taken with great difficulty, because one step forward followed by a half-step down (fallen rocks gravel). Create highlander - the most challenging places and favored because of the rough terrain pays off with the beautiful natural scenery. Mount Agung in Bali, Mount Ijen-Merapi in Banyuwangi and Mount Tambora on Sumbawa clearly visible when the weather is nice in the morning. To climb Rinjani no tools required, just stamina, patience and "passion".

Overall the trip can be achieved in the course of three days and two nights, or if you want to see two other objects: Cave Milk and New Finger mountain (Mount Rinjani child with a new crater in the middle of the lake) need an extra two days of travel. Logistical preparation is necessary, but fortunately everything can be obtained in the nearby village. Tent, sleeping bag, eating utensils, groceries and whatever is needed (including radio communications) can be rented from the homestay homestay-mushroomed in the village